Upgrading of hydrothermal liquefaction biocrudes from mono- and co-liquefaction of cow manure and wheat straw through hydrotreating and distillation

Liquid hydrocarbons from agricultural wet wastes can serve as a strategy to greatly reduce CO2 emissions. This study presents the upgrading via catalytic hydrotreatment of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) biocrudes derived cow manure, wheat straw and their combined (co-HTL). Four different temperatures were tested (340, 360, 380 400 °C) at constant hydrogen biocrude flowrate. The co-HTL contained more recalcitrant nitrogen-containing molecules towards hydrotreatment, which caused decreased consumption overall lower quality upgraded products. Generally, products obtained with >80 wt% carbon yields based on input. Products °C distilled into four cuts. Increased temperature improved physicochemical properties products, leading generally higher gasoline kerosene through significant cracking bottom residues. Bottom residues single feedstock HTL totally miscible fossil-derived vacuum gas oil room temperature, while one required increased for total solubility. We show that approach leads production diesel residue fractions. Overall, resulted in yield biomass oils 34 38 % respectively this value 43 %. combination agribusiness waste processing is shown here be an attractive solution recovery advanced biofuels.